@article{Carlson2023,

title = {Geochemical constraints on bacteriophage infectivity in terrestrial environments},

author = {Hans K. Carlson and Denish Piya and Madeline L. Moore and Roniya T. Magar and Nathalie H. Elisabeth and Adam M. Deutschbauer and Adam P. Arkin and Vivek K. Mutalik},

doi = {10.1038/s43705-023-00297-7},

issn = {2730-6151},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-12-00},

journal = {ISME COMMUN.},

volume = {3},

number = {1},

publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},

abstract = {AbstractLytic phages can be potent and selective inhibitors of microbial growth and can have profound impacts on microbiome composition and function. However, there is uncertainty about the biogeochemical conditions under which phage predation modulates microbial ecosystem function, particularly in terrestrial systems. Ionic strength is critical for infection of bacteria by many phages, but quantitative data is limited on the ion thresholds for phage infection that can be compared with environmental ion concentrations. Similarly, while carbon composition varies in the environment, we do not know how this variability influences the impact of phage predation on microbiome function. Here, we measured the half-maximal effective concentrations (EC50) of 80 different inorganic ions for the infection of E. coli with two canonical dsDNA and ssRNA phages, T4 and MS2, respectively. Many alkaline earth metals and alkali metals enabled lytic infection but the ionic strength thresholds varied for different ions between phages. Additionally, using a freshwater nitrate-reducing microbiome, we found that the ability of lytic phages to influence nitrate reduction end-products depended upon the carbon source as well as ionic strength. For all phage:host pairs, the ion EC50s for phage infection exceeded the ion concentrations found in many terrestrial freshwater systems. Thus, our findings support a model where phages most influence terrestrial microbial functional ecology in hot spots and hot moments such as metazoan guts, drought influenced soils, or biofilms where ion concentration is locally or transiently elevated and nutrients are available to support the growth of specific phage hosts.},

keywords = {Automotive Engineering},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Gushgari-Doyle2022,

title = {Genotype to ecotype in niche environments: adaptation of Arthrobacter to carbon availability and environmental conditions},

author = {Sara Gushgari-Doyle and Lauren M. Lui and Torben N. Nielsen and Xiaoqin Wu and Ria G. Malana and Andrew J. Hendrickson and Heloise Carion and Farris L. Poole and Michael W. W. Adams and Adam P. Arkin and Romy Chakraborty},

doi = {10.1038/s43705-022-00113-8},

issn = {2730-6151},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-12-00},

journal = {ISME COMMUN.},

volume = {2},

number = {1},

publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},

abstract = {AbstractNiche environmental conditions influence both the structure and function of microbial communities and the cellular function of individual strains. The terrestrial subsurface is a dynamic and diverse environment that exhibits specific biogeochemical conditions associated with depth, resulting in distinct environmental niches. Here, we present the characterization of seven distinct strains belonging to the genus Arthrobacter isolated from varying depths of a single sediment core and associated groundwater from an adjacent well. We characterized genotype and phenotype of each isolate to connect specific cellular functions and metabolisms to ecotype. Arthrobacter isolates from each ecotype demonstrated functional and genomic capacities specific to their biogeochemical conditions of origin, including laboratory-demonstrated characterization of salinity tolerance and optimal pH, and genes for utilization of carbohydrates and other carbon substrates. Analysis of the Arthrobacter pangenome revealed that it is notably open with a volatile accessory genome compared to previous pangenome studies on other genera, suggesting a high potential for adaptability to environmental niches.},

keywords = {Automotive Engineering},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}